Surface broaching machine



Feb. 20, 1940. w, FERms 2,190,642

SURFACE BROAGHING MACHINE Filed June 26, 1937 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 TTDRNEY.

Feb. 20, 1940. w. FERRIS 2,190,642

SURFACE BROACHING MACHINE Filed June 26, 1937 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTEIR WALTER FERRIS TTURN EY.

Feb. 20, 1940. I w, R s 2,190,642

A SURFACE BROgXCHING MACHINE Fild June 26, 1957 a Sheets-Sheet s as} Fig 5.

66 INVENTIIJH 7 WALTER F'ERFHS 'ATTEIRNEY.

1 Patented Feb. 20, 1940 Walter Ferris, Milwaukee, 'wis assignor to The Oilgear Company, Milwaukee, Wis., a corporation of Wisconsin- Application June 26, 1937, Serial No. 15 ',488 15 Claims. (01. 90-33) This invention relates to machine tools of the type having a tool carrier for moving a tool along a given path and a work carriage for moving work into the path of tool to enable the tool to operate upon the work and then moving the work out of the path of the tool to permit it to be removed from the carriage, such as a surface broaching machine in which a tool is reciprocated and the work is moved into and out of broaching position.

19 An object of the invention is to provide a machine tool of this character which is positive and precise in operation;

Another object is to provide a machine tool with means having ample power for moving the work carriage into a predetermined position and then holding it exactly in that position without the expenditure of an appreciable amount of power.

Another object is to provide a machine in which the work carriage is gradually accelerated 2t) from zero to maximum speed and then gradually I decelerated from maximum speed to zero.

Other objects and advantages will'appear from Y the description hereinafter given of a machine in which the invention is embodied.

According to the invention in its general aspect and as ordinarilyembodied in practice, a machine is provided with means for moving a tool along a given path, a Work carriage for moving the work toward and from the path of the tool, a

crank fixed upon a shaft and connected to' the work carriage and means for rotating the-shaft through a predetermined angular distance in sequence with the movement of the tool;

The invention is exemplified by the surface breaching machineshown somewhat schematically in the accompanying drawings in which the views are as follows:

Fig. 1 is a side view showing the lower part of the machine partly in elevation and partly in section, the view being taken on the irregular line l-l of 2. I Fig. 2 is a sectional plan view taken on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a front view showing the lower part of the machine partly in section and partly in elevation, the view being taken on the line 3-3 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a section through a crank and a shaft which operate a work carriage, the view being taken in the plane of the line 4-4 of Fig. 1 but turned 90 in respect to that figure.

Fig. 5 is a vertical section showing a hydraulic motor and a rack bar. which operate the work carriage reciprocating" mechanism, the view he- 3 m taken substantiallyupon the line Q4 of Pig.

1 but showing the motor piston and the rack bar in their lower positions.

Fig. 6 is a diagram of the hydraulic circuit.

For the purpose of illustration, the machine has been shown provided with two alternately 5 operating breaching units each of which includes a tool carrier and a work carriage but it is to be understood that the. invention ,is equally applicable to a machine having but one breaching unit.

' The upper part of the machine has not been il- 16 lustrated as it is of ordinary construction.

The operating mechanism of the machine is carried by a frame shown as consisting primarily of a front plate I, arear plate 2, two side plates 3 and 3 a partition 4 arranged between side 15 plates 3 and 3 and a central column 5 arranged upon the front of partition 4, all of which are arranged upon a base 6 and each part is rigidly'secured to the adjoining parts as by being welded thereto or cast integral therewith. 20

The machine is provided with two tool carriers or slides 1 and 1 to which broaching tools 8 and 8 are attached respectively. Slide 1 is adapted to be reciprocated by a hydraulic motor consisting of a power cylinder 9, a piston Ill fitted in 25 cylinder 9 and a piston rod l I which has its lower end fixed to piston. l0 and its upper end connected to slide 1 near theupper end thereof. Slide l is adapted to be reciprocated by a hydraulic motor consisting primarily of a power cylinder 9', a 30 piston lll 'fitted in cylinder 9' and a piston rod H which has its lower end fixed to piston in and its upper end connected to slide 1'- near the upper end thereof. The upper parts of the piston rods and slides have been omitted from the draw- 35 ings in order to show the operating mechanism on a larger scale.

Power cylinder 9 is arranged .upon one side of column 5 and rigidly secured thereto and to a lower lug l2 and an upperlug l3 which are fixed to slide plate 3. Power cylinder 9 is similarly secured to the other side of column 5 and to a lower lug (not shown) and an upper lug l3 which are fixed to side plate 3'.

The adjacent sides of slides I and P are slotted and closely fitted upon opposite edges of a central guide bar ll which is supported by column 5 upon the. front thereof. The outer sides of slides l and 1* are slotted and closely fitted, respectively, upon outer guide bars [5 and l5 which have the lower parts thereof fastened, respectively, in brackets Ii and-l6 fixed to side plates 3 and 3'. Guide bars I! and I5 also have the upper parts thereof fastened to other brackets (not shown) which are" also fixed to side plates 3 and 3. Guidebars I, u

bars retain the carriages in posi l5 and I5 form guideways which permit slides I and I- to be freely reciprocated vertically but prevent them from moving in any other direction.

Tools 8 and 8 are adapted to operate, respectively, upon work carried by two work carriages 26 and which are movable in opposite directions simultaneously in sequence with the operation of the .tools.

Neither the work nor the manner of fastening it to a carriage forms any part of the present invention. It is therefore deemed sufficient to state that ordinarily each piece of work a: is clamped in a fixture y one of which is fixed upon each carriage as indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 1, the fixture being accurately positioned upon the carriage and having means for accurately positioning each piece of work.

The structure for supporting carriages 20 and 20 forms a part of the frame of the machine and includes a horizontal plate 2| which is joined at its front to front plate I and at its sides to side plates 3 and 3, a support 22 which is arranged upon plate 2| and joined thereto and to front plate I, andtwo horizontal flanges 23 and 23 which are joined at their front ends to front plate I and joined at their outer edges to side plates 3 and 3 respectively.

Carriage 26 is slidable upon two ways 24 and 25 which are formed, respectively, upon support 22 and flange 23, and carriage 26 is slidable upon two ways 24 and 25- which are formed, respectively, upon support 22 and flange 23. The adjacent or inner sides of carriages 2|! and 20' are slotted and fitted upon a guide bar 26 which is attached to support 22, and the outer sides of carriages 23 and .20 are slotted and fitted, respectively, upon two guide bars 21 and 21'- which' are attached to flanges 23 and 23 respectively.

The ways support the carriages and take the thrust of the tool against the work. The guide ion upon the ways and prevent them from tilting. due to the cutting force being applied to the work at points beyond the ends of the carriages. Any lateral movement of the carriages is prevented by two ribs 28 and 28 which are formed, respectively, upon the undersides of carriages closely fitted between the adjacent edges of the ways as best shown in Fig. 3.

Carriage 20 is adapted to be reciprocated by a lever 3| which is pivoted intermediate its ends between plate 2| and fiange 23 upon a pivot 32 carried thereby. Lever 3| has a pin 33 arranged in one end thereof and connected to carriage 20 other end of rod 39 to a crank pin 4| fixed to a crank arm 42 which by means of a rectangular block 34 which is joumaled upon the upper end of pin 33 and fitted in a slot 35 extending transversely of rib 28 so that, when lever 3| is swungupon pivot 32 to move carriage 20 along ways 24 and 25, block 34 may move along slot 35 transversely of rib 28. a

The other endof lever 3| is connected by a pair of links 36 and two pins 31 and "to one end of a rod by a suitable bore formed in bracket IS. The is connected by a link 40 end of a'shaft 43 and 45 carried by 43 has a is arranged upon the outer which the shaft may be rotated.

The arrangement is such that, when shaft 43 rect position 'crank pin 4| at the proper axis of shaft 43 to obtain the desired travel of 20 and 26' and 39 which is slidable in and guided is rotated through a given angular distance in one direction or the other, crank pin 4| will transmit motion through the above described linkage to lever 3| which will swing upon pivot 32 and move carriage 20 toward or from the path of tool 8.

The movement of carriage .20 toward the path of tool 8 is limited by two stop screws and 5| which are threaded, respectively, into bracket l6 and into a lug 52 carried by guide bar I4. Screws 50 and 5| are adjusted to stop carriage 20 exactly in the position necessary to enable tool 8 tomachine the work to the exact dimensions required.

The thrust of the tool against the work will tend'to move carriage 20 away-from screws 50 and 5| and thereby transmit a force through the above described linkage to shaft 43. In order to prevent this force from tending to rotate shaft 43, crank pin 4| should be at dead center when carriage 20 is pressed firmly against screws 56 and 5|.

Since it would be difiicult to so construct a fixture and to so position it upon the carriage that the work would be held exactly in the corwhen crank pin 4| was at dead center, crank head 53 which is clamped in adjusted position in a radial slot 54 formed in crank arm 42 as best shown in Fig. 4. Head 53 is clamped in slot 54 by a plate 55 which is bolted to crank arm 42 and'provided with an opening 56 through which pin 4| extends and which is slightly larger than 'pin 4| so that, by loosening the bolts which fasten plate 55 to crank arm 42, head 53 may be moved along slot 54 to vary the throw of the crank, it being understood that only a slight adjustment is necessary for the reason that the fixture is positioned as accurately as possible upon carriage 20.

If a change in the character of the work necessitates a change in the travel of the carriage, plate 55 is replaced with a similar plate having. the opening 56 therein so positioned as to locate distance from the the carriage when shaft 43 is rotated through a predetermined angular distance.

The mechanism for operating carriage 20 is exactly the same as but opposite hand to the above described mechanism for operating car.- riage 26. Consequently no description thereof will be given, it-being deemed sufiicient to designate corresponding parts of the two mechanisms by the same reference numerals but with the exponent a added to the numerals applied to the several parts of the mechanism which operates carriage 26 Shafts 43 and 43 are arranged in axial alinement with the adjacent ends thereof in close proximity to each other,-and they are adapted 'to be, rotated simultaneously by a single ver-. tically movable rack bar 51 which has rackits rear face and in mesh teeth formed upon with both of gears 46 and 46 The front faceof rack bar [51 engages an abutment 58 which is carried by partition 4 and holds rack bar 51 in mesh with gears 46 and 46 In order that one work fcarriage will be re-- tracted when the other is advanced, crankarms 42 and 42* are spaced apart a predetermined angular distance and shafts 43 and 43 are rotated through that distance first in one direction and then in the other workv carriages are alternately advanced into direction so that the, two

therefrom. Crank arms 42 and 42 are ordinarily spaced 180 apart in order that each work carriage may be reciprocated through the greatest possible distance.

Rack bar 51 is adapted to be reciprocated by a hydraulic motor consisting of a cylinder 99 which is fixed in a vertical position upon partition 4, a piston 6| which is-flttedin cylinder 99 and functions both as a motor piston and as a valve, and a piston rod 62 which connects piston 9| torack bar 51. Piston 6| is also provided with a tail rod 99 which has the same diameter as piston rod 62 and extends through the opposite end of cylinder 69 in order that cylinder 99 may have the same displacement uponv each side of piston 9|.

Liquid for operating the hydraulic motor is supplied by a pump 94 arranged upon a horizontal plate 95 which is spaced above base 9 and connected at its edges to side plates9 and 3, rear plate 2 and partition -4. The space below plate 95 constitutes a reservoir 66 from which pump 94 draws its supply of liquid.

The hydraulic motors may be reversed eitherby means of a reversing valve or by reversing the -pump., As shown, pump 94 is reversible and adapted to deliver liquid into one and receive liquid from the other of two channels 61 and 98 which are connected to cylinder 99 at or near the extreme ends thereof as best shown in Fig. 5.

Channels 61 and G9 are adapted to communicate, respectively, with two channels 99 and 19 which have the adjacent ends thereof spaced from each other and connected to cylinder 69 intermediate the ends thereof. The arrangement is such that, when piston 9| is in the position shown in Fig. 6, channel 69 is blocked and channel 19 is open to channel 99 and, when piston if is shifted to the other end of cylinder 69, channel II will be blocked and channel 69 will be open to channel 61.

The other ends of channels 69 and 19 are connected, respectively, to the upper ends of cylindersl a'nd 9. Channel 69 is also connected through" a channel II and a check valve 12 to channel 61. and through a check valve 19 and a channel 14 to cylinder 9 at a point which is below piston l9 when piston I9 is in its uppermost position. Check valves I2 and 19 permit liquid to fiow from cylinder 9-through channels 14, 99 and II into channel 91 but prevent it from 'fiowing in the opposite direction. Channel I9 is likewise connected through a channel'li and a check valve 16 to channel 69 and'through a check valve TI and a channel 19 to cylinder 9' at a point which is below piston l9 when piston I9 is in its uppermost position. Check valves I9 and I1 permit liquid to flow from cylinder 9 through channels l8, l9 and 15 into channel 99 from flowing in the opposite direc-j but prevent it tion. V

Cylinders9 and 9 have the lower ends thereof connected to each other by a channel 19 which is connected to a channel 99 through a manuallyoperated shut oif valve 8| and a choke-92. Channel 99 is connected through a check valve 93 and a channel 94 to channel 91 and through a check valve and a channel 99 to channel 69. Channel l9 isralso connected through a channel 91 to a relief valve 99 which discharges into reservoir 69. v i

Shut-off valve 9| and relief valve 89 are provided in order that the stroke of the machine may be varied as will presently be explained. Choke :2, channels so, u and as and check valves a and 95 are provided in order to insure that the upward moving piston will reach the end of its up stroke before the downward moving piston reaches the end of its down stroke.

The operation of the machine is controlled by alever 9| which is arranged upon pump 64 and connected to the stroke changing mechanism thereof. When lever 9| is in its central or neutral position as shown in Figs. 1 and 6, pump 94 will be at zero stroke and no liquid will be.

delivered thereby so that the machine remains idle. When lever 9| is shifted in one direction or the other from its neutral position, pump 94 will deliver liquid into channel 91 or channel 69 depending upon the direction inrwhich lever 9| is shifted.

Lever 9| is adapted to be shifted by either one of two hand levers 92 and 99 arranged upon opposite sides of the machine at the frontthereof and fixed, respectively, upontwoishafts 94 and 95 which are journaled in the frame. Shaft 94- has a gear 96 fixed thereon and in mesh with a gear 91 which is fixed upon shaft 95 so that, when the end of each half-cycle of operation by a suitable link and lever mechanism which is operated by cams or dogs carried by slides 1 and 1', the link and lever mechanism being operated to swing lever 9| into its neutral position each time a tool slide reaches the limit of its down stroke! Since the mechanism for reducing the displacement ofa pump to zero or for shifting a reversing valve into neutral position is well known in the art and forms no part of the present invention, it has been omitted from the drawings to avoid complicating the views.

Operation Assuming that the several parts are in the positions shown, that a piece of work a: has been clamped to'the fixture u on carriage 29, and that swinging the handlever on one side of the machine forward will cause pump 94 todeliver liquid in a direction to eifect a downward move-.

ment of the tool slide on the same side of the machine, the operation will be as follows:

The operator will first swing the lever 92 forwardand thereby cause pump 64 to deliver liquid into channel 91. This liquid will fiow through channel 91 to cylinder 69 and move piston 6| from the position shown in Fig. 6 to the position shown in Fig. 5. Back bar 51 will be moved by piston 6| downward in respect to Figs. 1 and 5 and rotate shafts 49 and 43" and thereby cause carriage 29 to be advanced toward the path of tool 9 and carriage 29" to be retracted from the path of tool 9. a a

.The movement of piston 6| is just sufiicient to rotate shafts and 43 through and swing each crank pin 4| from dead center atone side of the shaft axis to dead center at the other side of the shaft axis. The throw of crank pin- 4| issuch that carriage 29 engages stop screws 59 and 5| just before crank pin 4| reaches dead center and then the movement of crank pin 4| from that point to dead center presses carriage 29 firmly against stop screws 50 and 5! and takes up any lost motion or slack that may exist in the carriage reciprocating mechanism.

As soon as piston 8i moves a short distance, it blocks channel I8 and, when it reaches the end of its movement, it uncovers the end of channel 89. Liquid from pump 84 may then flow through channel 61, cylinder 60 and channel 89 to the upper end of cylinder 9 and move piston l downward on a working stroke, thereby moving tool slide I downward and causing tool 8 to take a cut from work a:.

By rotating shaft 43 until crank pin 4| is at dead center, the thrust of the tool against the work is taken by bearings 44 and 45 so that little, if any, rotative force is transmitted to shaft 43. Consequently, no appreciable amount of power is required to prevent shaft 43 from rotating.

As piston l8 moves downward, it ejects liquid from the lower part of cylinder 9, and this liquid flows through channel 19 to the lower end of cylmder 9 and raises piston l0, thereby causing tool slide 1* to move upward simultaneously with the downward movement of tool slide 1. Piston l0 in moving upward will eject liquid from-the upper part of cylinder 9" through channels I0 and I and check valve I6 into channel 68 which at this time constitutes the return channel to pump 84;

Since the displacements of cylinders 9 and 9 are the same, the liquid ejected from cylinder 9 tends to move piston ll) upward at substantially the same rate that piston Ill moves downward but, at the same time, liquid from pump 84 will flow through channels 61 and 84, check valve 88, channel, choke 82 and channel 19 into the lower end of cylinder 9*at a limited rate and cause piston III to rise at a rate slightly greater than the rate at which piston l0 descends. Consequently, piston In will reach the' end of its up stroke before piston l0 reaches the end of its down stroke.

When piston Ill reaches the end of its up stroke, it will uncover the end ofchannel 18 and then the liquid supplied to the lower end of cylinder 9 during continued downward movement of piston l0 flows through channel 18, check valve 11, channels 18 and I5 and check valve 16 into returnchannel 88. a

when piston l0 reaches the end of its down stroke, at which time tool 8 has completed the operation on the work, the displacement of pump 64 is reduced. to zero and the machine comes to rest, thereby completing a half-cycle of operation diiz'ing which the operator clamps a piece of work 1 the fixture on carriage 20.

The operator then swings lever 93 forward to start a second half-cycle of operation which is exactly the reverse of the above described halfcycle. Liquid from pump 64 then flows through channel 88 to cylinder 68 and moves piston 8| from the position shown in Fig. 5 to the position shown in Fig. 6, thereby moving rack bar 51 upward in respect to Figs. 1 and 5. Rack bar 51 will rotate shafts 43 and 4% through 180 and thereby cause carriage 20 to be advanced into contact with stop screws 5!! and SI so that the new piece of work is in broaching position and causing carriage 20 to be retracted so that the finished work .may be removed therefrom and replaced with a new piece of work.

18. Liquid from pump 64 may then flow through channel 88, cylinder 60 and channel III to the upper end of cylinder 9"- and move piston Ill downward on a working stroke, thereby moving tool slide 1' downward-and causing tool 8 to take a. cut from the work on carriage 20.

As piston ill moves downward, it ejects liquid from the lower part of cylinder 9 and this liquid flows through channel 19 to the lower end of cylinder 9 and raises piston l0, thereby causing tool slide 1 to move upward simultaneously with the downward movement of tool slide 1. Piston Ill inv moving upward will eject liquid from the upper part of cylinder 9 through channels 69 and II and check valve 12 into channel 81 which at this time constitutes the return channel to pump 64.

At the same time, liquid from pump 64 will flow through channels 68 and 86, check valve 85, channel 88, choke 82 and channel 19 into the lower end of cylinder 9 at a limited rate and cause piston II) to rise at a rate slightly greater than the rate at which piston l0 descends. Consequently, piston l0 will reach the end of its upward stroke before piston ll'l reaches the end of its down stroke. When piston l0 reaches its upper limit, it uncovers the end of channel I4 and then the liquid supplied to the lower end of cylinder 9 during continued downward movement of piston l8 flows through channel 14, check valve 13, channels 69 and II and check valve 12 into return channel 61.

As soon as piston 8| moves a short distance,

it blocks channel 89 and,- when it reaches the end of its movement, it uncovers the end of channel When piston l0 reaches the end of its down stroke, at which time tool 8 has completed its operation upon the work, the displacement of pump 64 is reduced to zero and the machine comes to rest, thereby completing the second half of a complete cycle of operation. The operator may then operate lever 92 to initiate another cycle of operation.

If it is desired to shorten the stroke of the machine, valve 8| is opened to permit liquid to flow through channel 19 and raise the piston which is at the end of its down stroke. For example, if the parts are in the positions shown in Fig. 6 and the stroke is to be shortened, valve 8| is opened and lever 9| is operated to cause pump 64 to deliver liquid into channel 68. Pressure will extend from channel 68 through channel 80,

valve 8| and channel 19 to the lower ends of cylinder 9 and 9 and act upon the lower faces of pistons 18 and I0. Pressure will also extend from channel 68 through cylinder 68 and channel 10 to the upper end of cylinder 9 and act upon the upper face of piston I8.

If piston i8 is not at its upper limit, piston I0 will at first remain stationary and piston ID will move upward until it stalls against the upper end of cylinder 9 due to the fact that only the lower face'of piston I8 is exposed to pump pressure while both faces of piston III are exposed to pump pressure. The liquid above piston III will be expelled through channels 69 and II and check valve 12 into return channel 61.

When piston l8 stalls, liquid may escape from the lower part of," cylinder9 through channel I4 and check valve 13 into channel 69 but the flow therethrough is throttled, as by piston l0 covering a large part of the area of channel 14, so that only a part of the liquid delivered by pump 64 may escape therethrough. Consequently, pump pressure rises and piston lll is moved upward by the preponderance of force acting upon its lower face, liquid from above piston Ill being ejected through channels and and check valve 16 into channel 68.

The displacement of pump 64 may be reduced to zero to stop piston Ili when it has been raised a desired distance but the piston is ordinarily permitted to stall against the upper end of the cylinder. The dogs or cams on tool slides I and '1 are then adjusted to the desired stroke.

If both 'pistons are in their uppermost positions, pump 64 may be adjusted to deliver liquid to the upper end of either cylinder 9 or 9 to force the piston therein downward. Since the other piston is at the end of its up stroke, all

liquid expelled by the downward moving piston from its cylinder will be exhausted through relief valve 88. If piston Ill has not been raised to its upper limit, pump 64 will be adjusted to deliver liquid to move piston Ill downward, and the liquid expelled by piston In fromcylinder 9 will flow through channel 19 to cylinder 9 and raise piston I0 until it stalls at the end of its up stroke and then piston 10 will expel liquid through relief valve 88. Thereafter, the machine will operate as described above but at a shorter stroke. If it is then desired to lengthen the stroke, it is simply necessary to adjust the dogs or cams on tool slides 1 and l and then the excess liquid below pistons l0 and Ill will be expelled through relief valve 88.

The invention herein set forth issusceptible of various modifications without departing from the scope thereof as hereafter claimed.

The invention is hereby claimed as follows:

1. In a machine having a slide for carrying a tool,. means for moving. said slidealong a predetermined path,- a work carriage movable at right angles to the path of said tool, and a stop for limiting the movement of said carriage to-- ward said path, the combination of a shaft, a crank fixed upon said shaft and connected to said carriage for moving it against and away. from said stop during rotation of said shaft, and means for rotating said shaft in sequence with the operation of said slide moving means.

2. In a machine having aslide forcarrying a tool, a hydraulic motor for reciprocating said slide, a work carriage movable at right angles to the path of said tool, and a stop for limiting the movement of said carriage toward said path, the combination of a shaft, a crank fixed upon said shaft and connected to said carriage for moving it against and away from said stop during rotation of said shaft, and means including a hydraulic motor connected in series with said slide reciprocating mot-or for rotating said shaft in sequence with the operation of said slide.

3. In a machine having a slide for carrying a tool, means for moving said slide along a predetermined path and a work carriage movable at right angles to the path of said tool for presenting work to said tool to enable it to'operate thereon, the combinationof a" shaft, a crank fixed upon said shaft-and connected to said carriage for moving it toward and from the path of said tool during rotation of said shaft, means for rotating said shaft through apredetermined angular distance in sequence with the operation of said slide moving means, and means for stopping said shaft with said crank in such a position that the thrust of the tool against the work reacts upon said shaft alon'g a line substantially coincident withv the axis of said crank to thereby prevent said thrust from causing a material rotative force to be transmitted to said shaft.

.4. In a machine having a slide for carrying a tool, a hydraulic motor for reciprocating said slide and a work carriage movable at right angles to the path of said tool for presenting work to said cutting tool to enable it to operate thereom'the combination of a'shaft, a crank fixed upon said shaft and connected to said carriage for moving it toward and from the path of said tool during rotation of said shaft, means including a hydraulic motor connected in series with said slide reciprocating motor for rotating said shaft through a predetermined angular distance in sequence with the operation of said slide, ,and means for s Oppingsaid shaft with said crank in such a position that the thrust of the tool against the work reacts upon said shaft along a. line substantially coincident with the axis of said crank to thereby prevent said thrust from causing a material rotative force to be transmitted to said said path to thereby stop said work in position to be operated upon by said tool, a shaft, a crank fixedupon said shaftand connected to said carriage for reciprocating said carriage into and out of contact with said stop during rotation of said .shaft in one direction or the other, a gear fixed upon said shaft, a rack meshing with said gear, a second cylinder, a. piston, fitted in said second cylinder and connected to said rack for reciprocating the same tothereby rotate said shaft, and means for delivering motive liquid to said cylinders in sequence tothereby effect operation of said carriage and said slide in sequence.

6. Ina machine having a tool slide and a tool fixed upon said slide, the combination of a hydraulic motor connected to said slide-for reciprocating the same and including a power cylinder and a piston fitted in said cylinder, a work carriage for advancing work into the path of said tool to enable said tool to operate thereon and for retracting said work from said path, a stop for limiting the movement of said carriage toward said path to thereby stop said work in position to be operated upon. by said tool, a shaft, a. crank fixed upon said shaft and connected to said carriage for reciprocating said carriagednto and out of contact with saidstop during rotation of said same to thereby rotate said shaft and also functioning as a valve for controlling the flow of liquid from said source to said power cylinder,

' and means for controlling the delivery of liquid from said source to said cylinder.

7. In a machine having a tool slide and ,a tool fixed upon said slide, the combination of a hydraulic motor connected to said slide for reciprocating the same and including a power cylinder and a piston fitted in said cylinder, a work carriage for advancing work into the path of said tool to enable said tool to operate thereon and for retracting said work from said path, a shaft, a crank fixed upon said shaft and connected to said carriage forreciprocating said carriage during rotation of said shaft, a gear fixed upon said shaft, a rack meshing with said gear, a second cylinder, a piston fitted in said second cylinder and connected to said rack for reciprocating the same to thereby rotate said shaft, means for delivering motive liquid to said cylindersin sequence to thereby effect operation of said carriage and said slide in sequence, and means for stopping said shaft with said crank in such a position that the thrust of the tool against the work reacts upon said shaft along a line substantially coincident with the axis of said crank to thereby prevent said thrust from causing a material rotative force to be transmitted to shaft.

8. In a machine having a tool slide and a tool fixed upon said slide, the combination of a hydraulic motor connectedto said slide for reciprocating the same and including a power cylinder and a piston fitted in said cylinder, a'work carriage for advancing work into the path of said tool to enab e said tool to operate thereon and for retracting said work from said path, a shaft, a crank fixed upon said shaft and connected to said carriage for reciprocating said carriageduring rotation of said shaft. a gear fixed upon said shaft, a rack meshing with said gear, a source of motive liquid. means connecting said power cylinder to said source including a second cylinder, a piston fitted in said second cylinder and connected to said rack for reciprocating the same to thereby rotate said shaft and also functioning as a valve for controlling the flow of liquid from said source to said power cylinder, means for controlling the delivery of liquid from said source to sal cylinders, and means for stopping said shaft with said crank in such a position that the thrust of the tool against the work reacts upon said shaft along a line substantially coincident with the axis of said crank to thereby prevent said thrust from causing a material rotative force to be transmitted to said shaft.

9; In a machine having two cutting tools, means for simultaneously advancing one and retracting the other of said tools. and two work carriages for advancing work into the paths of said tools alternately to enable each tool as it advances to operate upon said work. the combination of rotatable means, a crank fixed upon said rotatable means and having its free end connected to one carriage, a second crank fixed upon said rotatable means and having its free end connected to the other carriage. the free ends of said cranks being spaced a predetermined angulardistance from each other to thereby cause one of said carriages to be advanced toward the path of one of said tools and the other of said carriages simultaneously retracted from the path of the other of said tools during rotation of said rotatable means, and means operable in sequence with said tool operating means for rotating saidrotatable means through a predetermined angulardistance.

10. In a machine having two cutting tools and two work carriages for advancing work into the paths of said tools alternately to enable each tool as it advances to operate upon said work. the combination of two reciprocating hydraulic motors connected in series with each other for simultaneously advancing one and retracting the other of said tools, rotatable means, a upon said rotatable means and having its free end connected to one carriage, a second crank fixed upon said rotatable means and having its said , ing said rack free end connected to the other carriage, the free ends of said cranks being spaced a predetermined angular distance from each other to thereby cause one of said carriages to be advanced toward the path of one of said tools and the other of said carriages simultaneously retracted from the path of the other ofsaid tools during rotation of said said tools alternately to enable each tool as it advances to operate upon said work, the combination of 'two shafts arranged in axial alinement and having gears fixed upon the adjacent ends thereof, a single rack engaging both of said gears for rotating both of said shafts simultaneously, a:

crank fixed upon one of said shafts and having its free end connected to one carriage, a second crank fixed upon the other shaft and having its free end connected to the other carriage, the free ends of said cranks being spaced a predetermined angular distance from each other to thereby cause one of said carriages to be advanced toward the path of one of said tools and the other of saidcarriages simultaneously retracted from the path of the other of said tools during simultaneous rotation of said shafts, and means operable in sequence with said tool operating means for causto rotate said shafts through a predetermined angular distance.

12. In a machine having two cutting tools, means for simultaneously advancing one and retracting the other of said tools, and two work carriages for advancing work into the paths of said tools alternately to enable each tool as it advances to operate upon said work the combination of rotatable means, a crank fixed upon said rota-table means and having its free end connected to one carriage, a second crank fixed upon said rotatable means and having its free end connected to the other carriage, the free ends of said cranks being spaced a predetermined angular distance from each other to thereby cause one of said carriages to be advanced toward the path of one of said tools and the other of said carriages simultaneously retracted from the path of the other of said tools during rotation of said rotatable means, means operable in sequence with said tool operating rmeans for rotating said rotatable means through a predetermined angular distance, and means for stopping rotation of said rotatable means upon the crank'connected to the advancing carriage reaching a position in which its axis substantially coincides with the line along which the reaction of the tool against the workon the advanced carriage is transmitted to said rotatable means to thereby prevent said thrust from causing a material rotative force to be transmitted to said rotatable means.

13. In a machine having two cutting tools and two work carriages for advancing work into the paths of said tools alternately to enable each tool as it advances to operate upon said work, the combination of two reciprocating hydraulic motors connected in series with each other for simultaneously advancing one and retracting the other of said tools, rotatable means. a crank fixed of the other of said tools during rotation of said.

rotatable means, a source of motive liquid connected to said motors, a third hydraulic motor hydraulically connected between said source and said tool operating motors for rotating said rotatable means through a predetermined angular distance in sequence with the operation of said tools, and. means for stopping rotation of said rotatable means upon the crank connected to the advancing carriage reaching a position in which its axis substantially coincides with the line along which the reaction of the tool'against the work on the advanced carriage is transmitted to said rotatable means to thereby prevent said thrust from causing a material rotative force to be transmitted to said rotatable means.

14. In a machine having two cutting tools and two work carriages for advancing work into the paths of said tools alternately to enable each tool as it advances to operate upon said work, the combination of two reciprocating hydraulic motors connected in series with each other for simultaneously advancing one and retracting the other of said tools, rotatable means; a crank fixed upon said rotatable means and having its free end connected to one carriage, -a second crank fixed upon said rotatable means and having its free end connected to the other carriage, the free ends of said cranks being spaced a predetermined angumotors to said source including a cylinder, a piston fitted in said cylinder and connected to said rack to reciprocate the same and thereby rotate said rotatable means and also functioning as a valve to control the flow of liquid from said source to said motors, and means for controlling the delivery of liquid from-said source to said cylinder. i

15. In a machine having two cutting tools and two work carriages for advancing work into the paths of said tools alternately to enable each tool as it advances to operate upon said work, the combination of two reciprocating hydraulic motors connected in series with each other for simultaneously advancing one and retracting the other of said tools, rotatable means, a crank fixed upon said rotatable means and having its free end connected to one carriage, a second crank fixed upon said rotatable means and having its free end connected to the other carriage, the free ends of said cranks being spaced a predetermined angular distance from each other to thereby cause one of said carriages to be advanced toward the path of one of said tools and the other of said carriages simultaneously retractedfrom the path of the other of said tools during rotation 01' said rotatable means, means for rotating said rotatable means including a rack and a pinion, a source of motive liquid, means connecting said motorsto said source including a cylinder, a piston fitted in said cylinder and connected to said rack to reciprocate the same andthereby rotate said rotatable means and also functioning as a valve to control the flow of liquid from said source to said motors, means for controlling the delivery of liquid from said source to said cylinder, and means for stopping rotation of said rotatable means upon the crank connected to the advancing carriage reaching a position in whichits axis substantially coincides with the line along which the reaction of the tool against the work on the advanced carriage is transmitted to said rotatable means to thereby prevent said thrust from causing a material rotative i'orce to be transmitted to said rotatable means.

' WALTER FERRIS. 

